Soil Classification

Soil classification categorizes soil types by their properties and excavability according to DIN 18300, ranging from Class 1 (topsoil) to Class 7 (rock). Classes 3 to 5 are the most relevant in earthwork (sands, gravels, and cohesive soils), while Classes 6 and 7 describe rock. Berlin predominantly features sandy soils of Classes 3 and 4. Under the revised DIN 18300, soils are increasingly defined by homogeneous areas rather than soil classes alone. The classification significantly affects machinery requirements and earthwork costs.